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| . Martial Arts Terms Japanese Translations A Age - Rising Age tsuki - Rising punch Age uke - Rising block Ai - Love, Harmony Ai Hamni - Harmony stance, when partners are standing with the same foot forward Aiki - Harmonious Spirit Aikido - Harmony Ki way. Aikiho - (1) Harmonious Spirit Division or Method (2) Principle Of Loving Harmony Aikoshin - Love of the school in mind Aite - Partner Arashi - Storm Ashi - Foot; leg Ashi guruma - Leg wheel Ashi hishingi - Leg crush Ashi kubi - Angle Ashi kubi hishingi - Angle crush Ashi waza - Foot techniques Atama - Head Atemi - Striking Atemi waza - Striking techniques B Bo - Staff (long) Bokken - Wooden sword Bojutsu (Bojitsu) - Staff techniques (long) Budo - Martial Way Bugei - Martial Arts Bujutsu - (1) Martial Art (2) Fighting arts of the warrior class of Japan Bukai - Martial ranks; Belts Buki - Weapons Bukiho - Weapons Principle Bun - Writing; Basic education Bunkai - Analysis; Practical application of form Buke - Martial house; Family Bushi - Warrior class of Japan Bushido - Way of the warrior Bushi Te - Warrior Hand C Choku - Straight Choku tsuki - Straight punch Choshi - Rhythm Chuan fa - (Chinese) Fist Law Chudan - (1) Middle rank; (2) Middle (of body, i.e. torso) D Dachi - Stance Daigaku - University Dan - Rank of black belt; 1st dan is the lowest, 10th the highest De ashi harai - Forward Foot Sweep Deshi - Students Denzook - No count Do - Way; Way Of Life Dokusan - Private Interview Dojo - (1) Place Of The Way; (2) Exercise Hall; (3) Training Hall, the place where one practices the martial arts Doshu - Way Master E Eku - Oar, used as a weapon in Okinawan Karate Embu - (1) Demonstration of Martial Spirit; (2) Two Person Training Form Embusen - Line of performance of a kata Empi - (1) Elbow (2) Name of a kata Empi uchi - Elbow strike Encho - Extensions of kihon kumite F Fudo dachi - Rooted stance Fumikomi - Stomp; stamping kick Funikoshi, Gichin - Father of Shotokan Karate, nicknamed Shoto G Gaeshi - reversal / throw Ganmen - Face Ganmen shuto - Face knife-hand Gari - Reap Gakka - Lesson; Learn a lesson Gatame - Arm bar Gedan - Downward; Lower, waist or below Gedan barai - Low block Gedan juji uke - Lower X-block Gedan shoto uke - Lower knife-hand block Genki - Original spirit; Health Geri - Kick Gi - Uniform Go - (1) Strength; (2) Five. See also numerals Goho - (1) Strength Principle (2) Strength Division or Method Gohon - Five-finger strike Gokyo - Immobilization No. 5 Goshi - Hip throw Goshin - Self Defense Goshin Jutsu - Self Defense Art Goshin Kan - Self Defense School Guruma - Wheel-like throw Gyaku - Reverse, reversal Gyaku Hammi - Reverse stance, where partners are standing with the opposite foot forward Gyaku tsuki - Reverse punch Gyaku juji jime - Reverse cross choke H Hachi - Eight. See also numerals Hachiji dachi - Open leg stance Hachimachi - Towel used as a headband Hadake - Naked Hadake jime - Naked choke Hadari - Left Hai - Yes Haishu - Back of the hand Haishu uchi - Back hand strike Haisoku - Instep Haisoku geri - Instep kick Haito - Ridge hand Haito uchi - Ridge hand strike Hajimae - Begin Hakkaku - Eight angles, used in kobujutsu Hamni - Stance. Hane - Spring Hane goshi - Springing hip throw Hane makikomi - Springing winding throw Hangetsu dachi - Hourglass stance Hanshi - (1) Grand Master; (2) Senior Master; (3) Exemplary Teacher Hara - Stomach; Abdomen Hara tsurikomi ashi - Lifting pulling foot sweep Harai - Sweep Harai goshi - Hip sweep Hashi - Chopsticks Heisoku dachi - Attention stance Henka - Variation Hidari - Left (side) Hiji - Elbow Himitsu Kempo - Secret fist law, pre-Ninjutsu stealth art Hishigi - Crush Hittsui - Knee hammer Hittsui geri - Knee strike (upward, side) Hiza - Knee Hiza guruma - Knee wheel Hon - Fingers. See also Gohon Hokai - Law ranks in Kiyojute ryu; Titles Hombu - Headquarters Hombu Dojo - Headquarters Training Hall Hotei - Dedication Hyohakusha - Wendell; Traveller Hyoshi - Timing I Ichi - One. See also numerals Ikken - One fist or strike Ikkyo - Immobilization No. 1 Ikkyu - First Class (Brown Belt) Iie - No Ippon - Full point in a contest Ippon ken (tsuki) - One knuckle fist Ippon kumite - One step sparring Ippon Seoi Nage - One-armed shoulder throw Irimi - Enter; Entering Irimi Nage - Entering throw. Irimi waza - Entering techniques Itten - One point, center of ki J Jigo-tai - Defensive posture Jime - Choke / strangle Jiyu - Freedom; Freestyle Jiyu kumite - Free sparring Jishu - Self-mastery Jo - Short staff Jodan - Upper, shoulders or above Jodan juji uke - High X-block Jo jutsu (Jo jitsu) - Short staff techniques Joseki - Upper seat Ju - (1) Gentle; (2) Ten. See also numerals Judo - (1) A martial arts style featuring throwing (2) Literally, "gentle way", referring to giving way in order to gain victory Judoka - Practitioner of Judo Ju-ichi - Eleven. See also numerals Juji - X; Cross. Juji gatame, juji uke Juji gatame - Cross-body arm bar through legs and across hips Juji Nage - Arm twisting throw. Juji uke - X-block Jujutsu - Gentle art Jute - Gentle Hand or Person K Kagi tsuki - Hook punch Kai - Organization; Understand Kaicho - Association President Kaiden - All traditions Kaisho - Club Kaishocho - Head Instructor of a Club Kaiten Nage - Rotary throw. Kaiso - Opening Ancestor Kakato - Heel Kakato uke - Bent wrist lock Kake - Attack; Application of the technique Kakiwaza uke - Pushing through block Kakuto - Bent sword; Bent wrist Kakuto uke - Bent wrist block Kaiten - Spin; Rotary Kama - Sickle, used in pairs in Okinawan Karate Kamae - Posture Kami shiho gatame - Upper four-corner hold Kan - School; Intuition Kancho - (1) School President; (2) Head Instructor of a School Kane sute - Flying sacrifice Kani basami - Flying scissors Kanji - (1) Oriental Writing; (2) A Character in the Japenese System of Writing Based Upon Borrowed or Modified Chinese Characters Kano, Jigoro - Founder of Judo Kansetsu - Joint lock Kansetsu waza - Joint locking techniques Kanzen Muketsu - Absolute perfection Kara - Empty Karadatsuki - Body Build Karate - (1) Empty hand; (2) A martial arts style featuring strikes Kata - (1) Form, sometimes stylized and pre-arranged; Nage no kata (2) Shoulder. Kata guruma Kata Dori - Shoulder or lapel grab. Kata gatame - Shoulder hold Kata guruma - Shoulder wheel throw Kata ha jime - Single edge choke Kata Ido - Form movement Kata juji jime - Half cross choke Katame - Grappling Katame waza - (1) Mat work (2) Grappling and ground-fighting techniques (3) Also known as Ne-waza Katana - Long sword Kata te Dori - Straight wrist grab. Kata te tori - Grasping of hands Katsu - Revival techniques Kazuri kesa gatame - Modified scarf hold Ke - House; Family Keage - Kick upward Kekomi - Kick through; Kick thrust Keiko - Practice; Training the spirit Keikogi - Practice Uniform Keiko uchi - Chicken beak strike Kempo - Fist law; Fist way Kempoka - Practictioner of Kempo Kendo - Japanese sword fighting Kenko - Health and Peace Kensho - Insight; Religious insight Kentsui - Fist hammer Keri - Kick Keri waza - Kicking techniques Kesa gatame - Scarf hold Ki - Vital energy; Spirit; Spiritual Energy Kiai - (1) Spiritual harmony; (2) Shout or yell with vital energy (ki) Kiba dachi - Horse stance Kihon - Basics Kihon Ido - Basic movement Kihon Kumite - Basic sparring Kihon waza - Basic Techniques Kime - Focus Kiotsuke - Attention Kirikami - Cut of Paper Kitskay - Attention Kiyo - Positive spirit Kiyojute Ryu - The Family of Spiritually Positive, Gentle People Ko - (1) Skill (2) Minor Kobujutsu - Ancient martial art; Weapon arts Kodokan - (1) Headquarters of Judo in Japan (2) Literally, "school for studying the way" Koko - Tiger mouth Koko uchi - Tiger mouth strike Kokutsu dachi - Back stance Kokyu - Breath. Kokyu Nage - Breath throw. Kokyu Ho - Breathing division or method Komi - Pulling Koppo - Bone method; Bone breaking Kosa Dori - Cross hand grab. Koshi - (1) Hip (2) Ball of the foot Koshi guruma - Hip wheel throw Koshi jime - Hip choke Koshi Nage - Hip throw. Koshi waza - Hip techniques Kosoto gakae - Minor outer hook Kosoto gari - Minor outer reaping throw Kote - Forearm Kote gaeshi - Forearm throw / reversal Kouchi gari - Minor inner reaping throw Ku - Nine. See also numerals Kubi - Neck / Shoulder Kubi Nage - Shoulder throw. Kumikata - Forms of gripping; Methods of holding Kumite - Sparring Kunren - Discipline Kurisuchan - Christian Kusarigama - Sickle with a rope or chain attached Kusho - Vital points of the body Kuzushi - Balance breaking Kyoshi - (1) Faith Teacher; (2) Head Instructor Kyu - Grade under black belt; 10th kyu is the lowest and 1st the highest Kyusho - Vital point Kyusho jutsu - Pressure point strikes M Ma-ai - Distance; Distancing Mae - Front Mae geri - Front kick Mae geri keage - Front snap kick Mae geri kekomi - Front thrust kick Mae tobi geri - Jump front kick Maki - Wrapping Maki gaeshi - Wrapping reversal Makiwara - Punching board Matae - Stop Mawashi - Circular; Roundhouse Mawashi geri - Roundhouse kick Mawashi tsuki - Roundhouse punch Meijin - Wise Man Menkyo - License Migi - Right (side) Mikazuki - Crescent Mikazuki geri - Crescent kick Mikazuki geri uke - Crescent kick block Mondo - Questions and answers Moro - (1) Double or Two. Morote tsuki (2) Augmented Moro te - Two arm or two hand Moro te seoi nage - Two hand shoulder throw Moro te tori - Two hands holding one Moro te tsuki - Double forward fist strike Moro te uke - Double hand block Moro ubi tori - Augmented finger pull Mudansha - Colored belt holder; Non black belt holder Mugen - No Limit; Infinite Mukei - No Form Mune - Chest Munen - No Thought Mune gata me - Chest hold Mune tsuke - Lunge punch. Mushin - Mind Of No Mind; No Conscious Thought N Nagare - Unbroken Ki flow. Nagashi uke - Flowing block Nage - Throw Nage waza - Throwing techniques Nage no kata - Formalized throws Naginata - Halberd, used by Japanese women Nakabubi ken - Middle knuckle punch Nami juji shime - Normal cross choke Neko (Necho) - Cat Neko (Necho) ashi dachi - Cat stance Ne-waza - Ground fighting techniques, also known as katame waza Ni - Two. See also numerals Nidan geri - Double jump kick Nihon nukite - Two finger spear hand. See also Gohon nukite, Nukite Ni-ju - Twenty. See also numerals Ni-ju-ichi - Twenty one. See also numerals Nikkyu - Second Class (Brown Belt) Nikyo - Immobilization No. 2. Nimpo - Patience Principle No - Ability; Talent; Skill Noritsu - Efficiency Nukite - Spear hand Nunchaku - Flail-like weapon of two rods joined by rope or chain Nyujo - Flow into tranquility; Meditative contemplation Nyunan Shin - Soft hearted O Obi - Belt O goshi - Major Hip Throw O guruma - Major Wheel Throw Ohten - Barrel roll Ohten gata me - Barrel roll arm bar Oi - Lunge Oi tsuki - Lunge Punch Okinawa te - Okinawan Hand Okuri - Sliding Okuri ashi barai - Foot Sweep Okuri ashi harai - Sliding foot Sweep Okuri eri jime - Sliding Collar Choke Omote - Front Osae komi - Hold-down Osae komi waza - Hold-down techniques Osoto gari - Major outer reaping throw Osoto guruma - Major outer wheel throw Otoshi - Drop Ouchi gari - Major inner reaping throw Oyayubi - Thumb Oyo - Application R Randori - (1) To take the throw; (2) Freedom to take; (3) Free practice (judo sparring) Rei - Bow Reigi - Courtesy Ren - Polish Renoji Dachi - "V" stance Renshi - Disciple Teacher Renshu - Practice; Training; Training The Body Rienzoku Ken - Continuous Fist Rikai - Understanding Rikairyoku - The Power Of Understanding Roku - Six. See also numerals Ryo - Both Ryo te dori - Both wrists grabbed. Ryu - Family; System; Dragon Ryukyu - Okinawa S Sai - Three-pronged metal weapon Sagi - Heron Sakotsu - Collarbone Sakotsu shuto - Collarbone knife-hand Sammai - Concentration; Absorption San - Three. See also numerals Sanchin - Three battle; Tension Sanchin dachi - Three Battle stance San-ju - Thirty Sankaku - Triangle Sankyo - Immobilization No. 3 Sasae - Block Sasae tsurikomi ashi - Lifting pulling foot block Satori - Enlightenment Seigyo - Control Seiho - Spirit (healing) division or method Seiken - Forefist / twisting fist Seishin - Soul; Spirit of God Seiza - Correct sitting; Formal sitting position Sempai - Senior Sensei - Teacher Senshin - Concentration; Undivided attention; Singleness of purpose Seoi - Shoulder Sesshin - Concentrating; Unifying the mind Shi - Four. See also numerals Shiai - Contest Shichi - Seven. See also numerals Shiden - Historical tradition Shihan - Master. Instructor (4th-5th Dan) Shiho - Four corners, or all directions Shiho Giri - Four directional cut. Shiho nage - All (four) directions throw Shika - Historian Shiken - Test; Examination Shikyo uchi - Finger spear Shimbun - Newspaper Shime - Choke / Strangle Shime waza - Choking techniques Shinai - Bamboo Sword Shinjitsu - Reality Shinken - Real sword; Real fist; Earnest Shinko - Faith; Faith that looks up; Stretch Shinsei - Divine nature; Holiness; Godliness Shinwa - Friendship; Fellowship Shinyo - Faith; Faith effort, in your own work Shizen - Natural Shizen-tai - Natural posture Sho - One. See also numerals Shodai - First generation; Founder Shodai Soke - Founding Father; First Soke Shogei - All Arts Shomei - Summons of destiny; Call of God Sho men uchi - Knife hand strike to front of head. Shorei - Encouragement Shotei - Palm heel strike (also may use as block) Shotokan - A Karate System Founded by Gichin Funikoshi. See also Funikoshi, Gichin. Shu - To Learn Shudo - Leadership; Guidance Shugyo - Austere practice; Hard training Shuho - Taking Principle Shuto - Swordhand; Chop Shuto uchi - Knife hand strike Shuto uke - Knife hand block So - Head; Master; Phase Sode - Sleeve Sode tsuri komi goshi - Sleeve lifting pulling hip throw Soke - Head Master; Grand Master; Head of the Family Soke Sho - The Head Master Writes Sokuji - The Diet Cure Sokuto - Foot sword Soto - Outer; Outside Soto maki komi - Outer winding throw Soto maki komi harai - Outside wrapping pulling sweep Soto mikazuigeri - Outer crescent kick Soto shuto - Outside knife-hand Soto ude uke - Outside forearm block Suki - Gap; Ungaurded moment; Dead time Sukui - Scooping Sukui nage - Scooping throw Sumi gaeshi - Corner throw / reversal Sumi otoshi - Corner drop Sun Dome - To stop one inch Sute - Sacrifice Sutemi - Sacrifice or roll Sutemi waza - Sacrifice techniques Suwari Waza - Sitting techniques T Tachi - Standing Tachi waza - Standing techniques Taido - Attitude Taiho - Arrest; Capture; Holding methods Taikaku - A Good Physique Taiko - Body cavity Tai otoshi - Body drop Taisabaki - Body movement Taiso - Body manipulation; Exercise Tameshiwari - (1) Test by breaking; (2) Breaking demonstration Tanden - Point just below the navel Tani otoshi - Valley drop Tanto - Short sword Tate - Vertical Tate tsuki - Vertical punch (boxer's jab) Te - Hand. See also Karate Tetsui - Iron twin Teisho - Heel palm Teisho tsuki - Heel palm thrust Teisho uchi - Heel palm strike Teisho uke - Heel palm block Teiji dachi - "T"-stance Tekubi - Wrist Tekubi tori - Wrist pull Tenchi Nage - Heaven to Earth throw. Tenkan - Pivoting; Pivot Tenoji Dachi - "T" or "L" stance Tenshin Sho - Divine Illumination; Inspiration for creating a Ryu Tettsui - Iron hammer Te-waza - Hand techniques To - Sword Tobi - Leaping; Jumping; Flying Toide - Taking hand, Okinawan Grappling Art Toitsu - Unified Principle Tomoe - A Three Section Circle; Circle Tomoe nage - Circle throw Tonfa - Wooden rod with handle at right angle, used in pairs Tori - Defender, demonstrator of technique Torite - Taking hand, Japanese pronunciation Tsugi no kata - Following form Tsuki - Punch; knuckle strike with first two knuckles only Tsuki no sandan - Three levels of thrusts Tsukamu - Grab Tsukkomu - Hand thrust Tsuki waza - Punching techniques Tsukuri - Stepping into the throw Tsume - Claw Tsuri - Lifting Tsuriai - Balance Tsuru - Crane Tsuri goshi - Lifting hip throw Tsurikomi goshi - Lifting-pulling hip throw Tsuzumi - Hand drum Tuite - (1) Grappling techniques (2) Using pressure points for joint manipulation U Uchi - Inside Uchideshi - Special Disciple Uchikomi - (1) Fitting-In (2) Repeated practice of throwing techniques Uchi mata - Inner Thigh Throw Uchi waza - Striking Techniques Ude - Arm Ude gatame - Forearm arm bar Ude tori - Forearm pull Ude uki - Forearm Block Uke - (1) Block. Age uke (2) Attacker, to whom techniques are done Ukemi - Falling and rolling exercises Uki - Floating Uki goshi - Floating Hip Throw Uki otoshi - Floating Drop Uki waza - Floating Throw Ulna (English) - Bone on little finger side of wrist Ulna Press - Straight arm bar with wrist on opponent’s elbow Undo ryoho - Exercise Cure Ura - (1) Rear (2) Back or flipside Ura ken uchi - Back Fist Strike Ura nage - Back Throw Ura tsuki - Flip side punch Ushiro - Back; Rear Ushiro dori - Rear bear hug over arms. Ushiro geri - Back Kick Ushiro goshi - Back Hip Throw Ushiro hiji dori - Both elbows grabbed from behind. Ushiro kata dori - Both shoulders grabbed from behind. Ushiro kata te dori kubi shime - One wrist grabbed & choke from behind. Ushiro te buki dori - Both wrists grabbed from behind. W Wakara - Separation Waza - Techniques Y Yama - Mountain Yama bushi - Mountain Priests Yama tsuki - Mountain Punch Yari - Spear Yawara - Control Yojimbo - Someone Of Discretion; Protector; Bodyguard Yojin - Discretion Yoi - Ready Yoko - Side Yoko gake - Side Hook Yokogiru - Cross Yoko geri - Side Kick Yoko guruma - Side Wheel Yoko haitto - Side ridge-hand Yoko kekomi - Side thrust kick Yoko men uchi - Knife hand strike to the side of neck or head. Yoko otoshi - Side drop Yoko shiho gatame - Side four corner hold Yoko shuto - Side knife-hand Yoko tobi geri - Jump side kick Yoko taeru - Laying Yoko wakare - Side separation Yonkyo - Immobilization No. 4 Yubi - Finger Yubi tori - Finger pull Yudansha - One who is a black belt; Blackbelt Holders Z Zanshin - Ready mind; Alertness Zazen - Sitting meditation Zen - (1) Meditation (2) Buddhist sect (3) Religious meditation Zenkutsu dachi - Forward stance Zenshin - Gradual progress; Steady advance Many thanks to Kiyojute Ryu Kempo Bugei who provided this Martial Arts Dictionary of Terms. |
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